Seeingtheteacherenteringtheroom,thestudentsstoodup.(=Whenthestudentssawtheteacherenteringtheroom,Theystoodup.)学生们看见老师走进房间,都站了起来.(时间) 　　Heated,theMetalexpands.(=Themetalexpandsif/whenitisheated.)金属受热而膨胀.(条件、时间) 　　Beingexcited,Icouldn’tgotosleep.(=AsIwasexcited,Icouldn’tgotosleep.)我兴奋得睡不着觉.(原因) 　　Beingastudent,hewasinterestedinsports.(=Ashewasastudent,hewasinterestedinsports.) 　　他是个学生,所以对体育运动感兴趣.(原因) 　　InspiredbyDr.Yang’sspeech,LiHuaandhisclassmatesdecidedtostudyphysicsharder.(=AstheywereinspiredbyDr.Yang’sspeech,LiHuaandhisclassmatesdecidedtostudyphysicsharder.)李华和他的同学们受到杨博士讲话的鼓舞,决定更加努力学习物理.(原因) 　　Thechildrenwentawaylaughing.=Thechildrenwentaway.Theylaughedastheywent.孩子们笑着走开了.(行为方式) 　　Theprofessorstoodthere,surroundedbymanystudents.(=Theprofessorstoodthere.Hewassurroundedbymanystudents.)教授站在那里,许多学生围着他.(行为方式) 　　Whilereadingthenewspaper,fathernoddedfromtimetotime.(=Whilehewasreadingthenewspaper,fathernoddedfromtimetotime.)看报时,父亲不时地点头.(时间)(分词前,可加表示时间的连词while或when.) 　　MywifehadalongtalkwithSally,explainingwhyshedidn’twantthechildrentoplaytogether我妻子与莎莉谈了很长时间,解释她为什么不想让孩子们在一起玩.(现在分词explaining是句子主语mywife做的动作,它们之间是主动关系) 　　Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.如果对这些树多关心一些,它们本来会长得更好.(过去分词given表示的动作是句子主语thetrees承受的动作,它们之间是被动关系) 　　Lookingoutofthewindow,Isawlotsofpeoplethere.(=WhenIlookedoutofthewindow,Isawlotsofpeoplethere.) 　　我往窗外一看,看见那儿有许多人.(lookingoutofthewindow的逻辑主语,就是句子的主语I.) 　　Havingwrittentheletter,Johnwenttothepostoffice. 　　(=Afterhehadwrittentheletter,Johnwenttothepostoffice. 　　约翰写完信后,就去邮局了. 　　HavinglivedinBeijingforyears,LaoWangknowsthecityquitewell. 　　(=AshehaslivedinBeijingforyears,LaoWangknowsthecityquitewell.) 　　老王在北京住了多年,所以对这个城市很熟悉. 　　Havingdrunktwoglassesofwater,XiaoMafeltalittlebetter. 　　(=AfterhehaddrunktwoglassesofwaterXiaoMafeltalittlebetter.) 　　小马喝了两杯水,感觉好一些了 　　Openingthedrawer,hetookouthiswallet. 　　(=Heopenedthedrawerandtookouthiswallet.) 　　他打开抽屉,拿出钱包. 　　Comingintotheroom,heputdownhisbag. 　　(=hecameintotheroomandputdownhisbag.) 　　他走进房间,放下提包. 　　Havingbrushedhisteeth,Mr.Browncamedownstairsforbreakfast. 　　布朗先生刷过牙,就下楼来吃早饭. 　　(此句如写成:Brushinghisteeth,Mr.Browncamedownstairsforbreakfast.可能指“边刷牙,边下楼’.) 　　独立主格也算是非谓语作状语 　　Flagsflying,thearmymenmarchedinthestreets.旗帜飘扬,军队在街上行进. 　　Allhisribsbroken,helayhalfdead.他的肋骨全部折断,半死不活地躺着. 　　TodaybeingSunday,thelibraryisn'topen.今天星期天,图书馆不开放. 　　Therebeingnobuses,wehadtotakeataxi.没有汽车了,我们只好坐出租车了. 　　Thesignalgiven,thebusstarted.信号发出后,公共汽车就启动了. 　　Weatherpermitting,we'11visittheGreatWall.如果天气允许的话,我们就去参观长城.