1、介词词组能作表语状语定语补语等.
如:I'minsurprise.(insurprise.=surprised作表语)
Heislookingatmeinsurprise.(insurprise.=surprisedly作状语)
Doyouknowtheboyinsurprise?=Doyouknowtheboywhoisinsurprise?
(insurprise=whoisinsurprise作定语)
2.outofbreathe应该是outofbreathe.
Iamoutofbreath.中的outofbreath是作am的表语.
那么Johnranupoutofbreath中的outofbreath相当于一个副词,所以作状语修饰动词ranup.
因此,介词短语充当什么成分,要看它配什么词用.
若配be或其它联系动词,则作表语;若修饰行为动词,则作状语,若修饰名词,则作定语等等.
HappyRabbitYear!